VSWR, khasaaraha soo laabashada (RL), awood muuqata, iyo awoodda la kala qaado

Cilaaqaadka ka dhexeeya Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), soo noqoshada luminta (RL), awoodda muuqata, iyo awoodda la kala qaado ayaa isku xidhan iyada oo loo marayo isugeynta milicsiga (Γ). Hoos waxaa ah qaacidooyinka muhiimka ah iyo tillaabooyinka beddelka:

### **Qaababka asaasiga ah**
1. ** Milicsiga Isku xidhka (Γ)**:

\Gamma = \frac{\qoraal {VSWR} - 1}{\qoraal {VSWR} + 1}

2. **VSWR** ka Γ:

\text{VSWR} = \frac{1 + |\Gamma|}{1 - |\Gamma|}

3. ** Khasaaraha Soo Celinta (RL)** gudaha dB:

\text{RL (dB)} = -20 \log_{10}(|\Gamma|)

4. **Awood muuqata (%)**:

P_{\text{refl}} = |\Gamma|^2 \ times 100\%

5. **Awoodda La Gudbiyo (%)**:

P_{\text{trans}} = \bidix(1 - |\Gamma|^2\right) \ times 100\%

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### **Tallaabooyinka Beddelka**
#### **1. Laga bilaabo VSWR ***:
- Xisaabi Γ:

\Gamma = \frac{\qoraal {VSWR} - 1}{\qoraal {VSWR} + 1}

- Isticmaal Γ si aad u hesho RL, awood muuqata, iyo awoodda la kala qaado adigoo isticmaalaya qaacidooyinka sare.

#### **2. Laga bilaabo Khasaaraha Soo Noqoshada (RL ee dB)**:
- Xisaabi Γ:

|\Gamma| = 10^{-\qoraalka{RL}/20}

Isticmaal Γ si aad u hesho VSWR, awood muuqata, iyo awoodda la kala qaado.

#### **3. Laga bilaabo Awood la milicsado/Lagu Gudbiyo**:
- Wixii **awood la milicsado** (\(P_{\text{refl}}\)):

|\Gamma| = \sqrt{\frac{P_{\text{refl}}}{100}}

- Loogu talagalay ** awoodda la kala qaado ** ((P_{\text{trans}} \)):

|\Gamma| = \sqrt{1 - \frac{P_{\text{trans}}}{100}}

Isticmaal Γ si aad u xisaabiso VSWR iyo RL.

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### **Tusaale Shaxda**
| **VSWR** | ** Khasaaraha Soo Celinta (dB)** | **Awood muuqata (%)** | **Awoodda La Gudbiyo (%)** |
|----------------------------
| 1.0 | ∞ (Kulan fiican) | 0% | 100% |
| 1.5 | 14.0 dB | 4% | 96% |
| 2.0 | 9.5 dB | 11.1% | 88.9% |
| 3.0 | 6.0 dB | 25% | 75% |

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### **Xusuusin Muhiim ah**
- A **VSWR ee 1:1** macnaheedu waa ma-muuqasho (Γ = 0, RL = ∞).
- ** VSWR-sare *** ama ** RL hoose *** waxay tusinaysaa awood badan oo muuqata.
- **Awoodda la kala qaado** waxaa la kordhiyaa marka VSWR ≈ 1.

Isticmaal qaacidooyinkan si aad ugu dhex beddelato cabbirrada is-waafajinta is-waafajinta ee nidaamyada RF.